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本帖最后由 细胞海洋 于 2014-10-24 09:51 编辑
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' I9 d0 @# }) ?1 N/ j8 L在此省略实验试剂和仪器设备步骤
7 n d- F; A7 E+ T3 h, q成纤维细胞的制备+ Y& v% o1 e& _: x9 u
1. 从鼠胚胎(A,MEF)或者鼠尾尖(B,TTF)获得成纤维细胞。一般情况下,胚胎成纤维细胞能得到更多ips colonies x1 E P, Q+ Q4 k) k1 o
A 时间:15d
% o; D4 [ @; z(1) 通过断颈杀死怀孕13.5d的雌鼠,分离子宫并用PBS作简单清洗。
" C# w4 [, E h5 G2 N(2) 用镊子将胚胎从胎盘和周围被膜组织中分离开来,将胚胎的头部,内脏组织和生殖腺去除/ i) v" ^6 a* R9 o/ a
(3) 将胚胎移至装有fresh PBS的100-mm dish中清洗,用剪刀将剩余体躯剪碎,移至装有0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo)的50-ml conical tube,37°孵育20min
: |' v" s1 a+ U' V6 T7 _(4) 另加0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo),37°孵育20min
8 b- A2 d' D' Y7 u1 R(5) 加等量的FP medium (6 ml per embryo),反复吹打使组织充分分开
( F M! X/ n. `! a! Y8 x3 E- J- z(6) Keep the tissue/medium mixture still for 5 min at room temperature (20–25 °) 以去除杂质,将上清移至另一新的50-ml conical tube。200g离心5min,弃上清,使沉淀重新悬浮于新的介质中。
! {9 f/ m% p% z2 v Z(7) 细胞计数,在FP medium中调整为1 ×106 cells per ml。通常,一个胚胎能获得约1×107个细胞。将细胞悬浮液移至 100-mm 组织培养皿 (1 ×107 cells per dish), 37 °5% CO2 下孵育 24 h (passage 1)4 T+ e0 {* I a* q) M
(8) 第二天,用PBS清洗以移除漂浮的细胞。5 u+ h( a1 _0 j9 C3 t
(9) 当细胞充分汇合时,去掉FP培养基,用PBS清洗一次,用1 ml of 0.05% trypsin and
5 u# n5 {! ^$ m" E/ K8 |0.53 mM EDTA 消化 5 min。脱落之后,加9 ml of FP medium并吹打使之悬浮。移至新的100-ml皿并作1:4的稀释(passage 2)。三代以内的MEFs作为ips的细胞来源,避免衰老。* J/ d7 n' P8 t7 T6 }3 O2 ~" }5 G
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尾尖(B)时间:10d6 p6 W# i* k% r/ [
在此略6 ~5 b5 {1 m8 m# f" q. h) }
解冻 SNL cells TIMING 0.5 h3 |5 w+ v5 L x( |6 j* ^4 R
(1) 准备9ml的SNL medium于15ml的tube中
. R0 F2 E- a! k9 \9 |' y(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻SNL cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)) V# E: ?+ P" }4 w1 M6 a! i5 M3 b
(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)
( S2 S0 Z. H8 T2 K4 e0 y(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清
# [$ F' y1 g/ E# ]( u(5) 用10 ml of SNL medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm皿。37°,5% CO21 V2 T6 F1 S5 T6 m
孵育,直到达到80–90%汇合6 X" a6 M3 c, t. N4 F! q0 ]
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CRITICAL STEP 不要让细胞过度汇合,否则会影响它们作为feeder的效果。2 K/ A: W. T0 `0 I- V1 D' l: Z
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SNL cells的传代 time:0.5h
3 n0 F; Z! m: Q' }: v(1) 弃培养液,用PBS清洗细胞一次! r- h3 [- s: d. _
(2) 吸出PBS,加入0.5 ml per dish of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min" J. g @& P) Z! z4 s- Y5 \6 P
(3) 加4.5 ml 的 SNL medium,吹打数次使细胞成为单层细胞5 \& B# l8 ?1 ]! d7 D R2 W
(4) 通过加入SNL medium调整细胞悬浮液为160ml,移至gelatin-coated dishes (10 ml per 10-cm dish)。This splits the cells 1:16。37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至细胞80–90%汇合。This should happen 3–4 d after passage
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Mitomycin C-inactivation of SNL cells TIMING 3 h
3 k& c+ t! l$ N( v( P(1) 直接加0.3ml 0.4 mg ml–1 mitomycin C solution 到the culture medium of SNL dish,swirl it briefly(短暂地),37 °, 5% CO2孵育2.25 h。The final concentration of mitomycin C will be 12 微g ml–1
) F4 Z' P% {0 O(2) 孵育后,吸出所有的mitomycin C-containing medium,用10ml的PBS清洗细胞两次。3 c0 y g* x1 j7 m
(3) 吸出PBS,加0.5 ml of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,摇晃使cover the entire surface,然后室温下静置1min
) U- @( \3 y2 `0 B(4) 加5ml SNL medium中和trypsin,反复吹打使细胞成为单层。Pool the cell suspension into a 50-ml tube ,细胞计数。Seed the cells on gelatin-coated dishes (1 × 106 cells per 100-mm tissue culture dish, or 1.5 ×105 cells per well of 6-well plate)1 E# B c/ W! c. R$ L
(5) 细胞之间不应该有太大间隙。They should become ready for usage by the next day.3 Y: x- j) `, v8 R W0 p
PAUSE POINT% M6 C7 J0 D$ X- H! F5 j) `! O
The mitomycin C-treated SNL dishes 在用之前 can be left for 最多一周
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# ]" K0 c( I& I. @/ r+ [* i' k解冻 Plat-E cells TIMING 0.5 h(与解冻 SNL cells操作基本一样)# u# K6 s5 s* M
(1) 准备9ml的FP medium于15ml的tube中2 R( E+ @* Z0 U- F( D2 w
(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻Plat-E cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)1 _6 E) Y4 `2 \. f
(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)
" e8 z+ E) {( W. O: u(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清! x- E+ L t7 t, _
(5) 用10 ml of FP medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm 皿。37°5% CO2孵育
9 ^) C7 K% `5 s7 `(6) 第二天,用新的培养基(添加了1 微g ml–1的puromycin和10 微g ml–1 的blastcidin S)替换原来的培养基。继续37 °, 5% CO2 孵育直至它们 80–90% 汇合. t9 {0 d( G* {( n0 z
, q v5 w) c: V5 f* @7 T0 g |( TPlat-E cells传代 TIMING 0.5h
- Q; u" t$ F6 Y* O(1) 吸出PBS,加入4 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min。轻拍,使细胞从培养皿上分离下来,用10 ml FP medium使细胞重新悬浮,转移至15ml tube中。180g离心5min,吸出上清 `- p* A" V0 H$ @2 X- x. J; K
(2) 加入适当体积的FP medium,反复吹打,使细胞成为单层,Seed them to new 100-ml dishes at 1:4–1:6 dilution。细胞应该在2-3天内汇合' A' h; y- P+ c# q% A6 u6 D7 C7 `) j: T
Day 1: retrovirus production; Plat-E preparation TIMING 1 h1 m' b6 b* G1 K4 q
(1) 用PBS清洗细胞,加入4 ml 的0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min! l6 D4 u, ~; |
(2) 之后,加 10 ml FP medium 到 the Plat-E dish,轻轻吹打使细胞悬浮,将细胞悬浮液移至50ml tube。FP culture medium used in this period contains neither puromycin nor blasticidin S9 V q9 C0 t2 {1 U8 O( b
(3) 180g离心5min C, c5 i% c) t6 M
(4) 弃上清,用手指轻拍以打散沉淀细胞,用适量的FP medium 使细胞重新悬浮2 K) Q" V- K$ @# U' A& {# k
(5) 细胞计数,用FP medium将细胞浓度调整为8 ×105 cells per ml9 A1 ]7 k/ q) o9 \1 k1 p9 X$ E
(6) Seed cells at 8 ×106 cells (10 ml) per 100-mm culture dish, and 孵育过夜at 37 °, 5% CO2
2 d% L3 Q7 {# xDay 2: retrovirus production; transfection into Plat-E cells TIMING 1 h
2 i! Y* j* k. b( L. B9 x9 A(1) 移 0.3 ml DMEM into a 1.5-ml tube8 b4 F& H% w% w) G
(2) 在(1)中的tube 中加入27微升的Fugene 6 transfection reagent,用手指轻拍混匀,室温下孵育5min
" ~: e/ s9 w9 R1 o: X7 H: k(3) 加入9 微克 of pMXs plasmid DNA (encoding Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc)到Fugene 6/DMEM-containing tube(drop-by-drop),用手指轻拍混匀,孵育15min
3 x- B+ {# _. L(4) 逐滴将DNA/Fugene 6 complex 加到 Plat-E dish中,37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜
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关键步骤( U0 H/ q" Q& W$ N
Also transfect with a suitable control;we use pMXs retroviral vector GFP to monitor transfection efficiency。We routinely obtain efficiency >80%. High-efficient transfection is crucial for iPS cell induction
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Day 3: retrovirus production (continued) TIMING 0.5 h; l- e9 |3 L8 V v+ D2 z' ?$ b
吸出transfection reagent–containing medium,加入10ml新的FP培养基,return the cells to the incubator# w( @" e! t* ]6 U% W
Preparation of fibroblasts TIMING 1 h
- C/ m) _- P( P0 L% z4 v$ D: R6 B(1) 培养MEF或TTF(passage< 3)至约90%汇合in 10-cm dishes(约2×106 cells per dish)5 S$ K5 m+ F" I
(2) 吸出培养基,用10ml的PBS清洗! y+ S# F7 ]& l8 |) p, |
(3) 弃PBS,加1 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,37°孵育10min# _& u! O$ }) E
(4) 加9ml培养基,使细胞悬浮且为单层,移至50ml tube中
. f* f0 }) [, M# h( X(5) 细胞计数,调整细胞浓度为8×104 cells per ml。移10ml细胞悬浮液至有mitomycin C-inactivated SNL cells的100-mm dish (use puromycin-resistant feeder cells for NanogGFP-IRES-Puro)。37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜。) m9 B* K2 n( H
Day 4: retroviral infection TIMING 0.5 h* U4 e* L/ i/ ~5 j
(1) 用灭过的10-ml一次性注射器收集 medium from the Plat-E dish,通过 0.45-mm孔径大小的醋酸纤维素过滤器过滤,后移至15ml tube 。
G; L% U c( B! O7 m(2) 加5 微升的 8 mg ml–1 polybrene solution 到 the 10-ml filtrated virus-containing medium,轻轻的反复吹打使之混匀,The final concentration of polybrene will be 4微g ml–1) `. X0 o% g# X
(3) Make a mixture of equal parts of the medium containing Oct-3/4-, Sox2-, Klf4- and c-Myc-retroviruses." c: h& v0 p4 O8 K
关键步骤1 \2 j; \$ K* C) q, c9 u
Retroviruses should be used freshly.不要冷冻,否则您将不会获得ips细胞。Retrovirus滴度对于ips细胞产生相当重要,The freeze/thaw step 降低病毒滴度; m8 B0 C' p* L5 K+ |* n
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(4) 从fibroblast dish中吸出medium,加入10 ml of the polybrene/virus-containing medium。37 °, 5% CO2孵育4h或者过夜
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Day 5 and 6 TIMING 5 min each day5 l* ~5 i7 l& N3 d7 _( c- _( p
24或者48h之后,从fibroblast dish中吸出 medium,加入10ml新鲜PBS
$ ?: n+ O5 N2 s( ZDay 7 TIMING 5 min% j# S1 A6 m- q7 W
弃培养基,加入10 ml ES medium,For Fbx15βgeo/βgeo selection, the medium should be supplemented with 0.3 mg ml–1 of G418 } |. o; |- g
Day 8–10 TIMING 5 min each day6 M# M8 f7 [3 R) Z2 `/ B
每天更换培养基(分别在24,48,72h后)
- X3 M' h5 s' }Day 11 TIMING 5 min3 F% O2 @. \( W4 \' q- W
For NanogGFP-IRES-Puro selection, add puromycin to the medium at the final concentration of 1.5 mg ml–1
& @: W) Y6 {& \: kDay 12 TIMING 约5 min each day; c4 [- `% {6 f7 q) M8 N
每天换液,直至colony becomes big enough to be picked up. Colonies should first become visible approximately 病毒转染1周后. They should become large enough to be picked up around day 20(TROUBLESHOOTING 1)
9 b+ D8 r8 K# I1 ]9 TCounting the colonies: 结晶紫染色 TIMING 1 d' {$ s! _5 Y) Z: c- z K
(1) colonies收集后,完全吸出PBS,加入5ml甲醇固定剩余细胞,室温下孵育1min
2 C$ o7 k; E* X. E(2) Wash the dishes twice with water.7 K4 t- ^, @6 R2 X3 i+ H
(3) 加 5 ml 0.1% 结晶紫溶液到皿中,室温下孵育5min
5 E6 l' `# v4 C$ Q9 B# L(4) Wash the dishes with water
5 _- m9 I5 N& j O1 A2 [ V* c(5) Photograph the dishes and count the number of colonies.
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Expansion of iPS cells TIMING 1 h1 i( y" I" v2 z8 G4 |5 E+ ?
(1) 弃培养基,用1ml PBS清洗细胞
/ f1 A1 U \! O(2) 彻底remove PBS,加 0.1 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min9 @4 K0 |0 P' d4 `
(3) 加0.4 ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层9 g! Q2 r5 ~" J2 T( ~3 \8 O: j" o7 C
(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至 a well of 6-well plate,加1.5 ml ES medium,37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至达到80–90%汇合in 6-well plates。At this point, prepare frozen stock of the cells, as follows(TROUBLESHOOTING 2). v6 F3 B0 \6 T# B5 _; d* c! G
Preparation of freeze stock TIMING 1 h
6 T- |% d% L3 F+ O2 J(1) 弃培养基,用2ml PBS清洗
) {) y- j$ ^) H0 W q9 X1 l(2) 彻底remove PBS,加入0.3 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min
! m4 w* b7 P G2 Q(3) 加2ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层2 U1 [) V+ {2 c% `2 O2 O8 R
(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至15ml tube,细胞计数,160g离心5min+ q! V# N) u. I: [
(5) 弃上清,用ES重新悬浮细胞至2×106 cells per ml
. Y5 ~; G+ G5 P8 b1 G/ K8 @" e(6) Prepare 2×freezing medium (20% DMSO in ES medium) and 小份分装(每小瓶0.5 ml)
6 Z7 i+ {; O5 h& R9 K& L(7) 加0.5ml细胞悬浮液到freeze vials(冻存小瓶)中,轻轻混匀; E& y ~1 W7 }& C* [& z& ~
(8) Put the vials in a cell-freezing container and keep it at –80 °overnight (TROUBLESHOOTING 3)
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& |3 ]" w: [7 _6 u JFor long-term storage, keep frozen cells in the gas phase of a liquid nitrogen tank.4 V( }1 J7 m5 r H; j- l
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