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/ \9 ?) P+ F: W! M6 S4 n6 k/ l/ K- _Hematopoietic cells differentiate from mesoderm during
( D; @* x f. q! Sembryogenesis, in close association with endothelial cells.
3 P! E' A) d( w& |% ?; f- K, QDefinitive hematopoietic progenitors and stem cells originate+ _( |( g6 q# L l; d' k2 g
in distinct sites in the embryo, including the yolk sac (YS)
7 ?2 z! o( z8 G1 J F5 A(Yoder et al., 1997), the umbilical and vitelline arteries (de
/ Y$ R( t9 F0 pBruijn et al., 2000), the para-aortic splanchnopleura (P-Sp)! s$ M6 `3 k* c+ p9 H4 a! y6 f
(Cumano et al., 2001) and the aorta/genital ridge/mesonephros
& u! Q& T6 H: \7 @# [5 T(AGM) region (Medvinsky and Dzierzak, 1996). The first
4 R: q# a% h; I4 K! m! i+ Qhematopoietic cells detected during mouse embryonic
7 g' T3 g* G& S* a" Fdevelopment are the primitive erythroid cells of the YS at
- X. V3 W* q8 S+ q/ o* t; vembryonic day (E) 7. One day later, before circulation between
2 ~3 |$ J7 H7 L( fthe embryo and YS is established, multipotent hematopoietic& z: @" N" I6 d9 _& y+ M) L5 v
stem cells (HSCs) have been isolated from the intra-embryonic
R! n' ]! Q; o' OP-Sp (Cumano et al., 2001) indicating that intra-embryonic4 r6 j. [! ~! ~7 V8 h+ ~
hematopoietic cells can originate independently of the YS. In- \8 _2 o( \% R
the mouse, the P-Sp forms from the splanchnic mesoderm6 P) _7 P1 y& R0 N! y9 s, j
(the endoderm-associated mesoderm) and the whole region
6 o4 A/ ?" O) g( r$ A0 S, Jdevelops into aorta, gonads and mesonephros and is
# m. K0 T* l' V0 \8 l, vsubsequently called AGM. Around E10-11, the HSC activity4 E, x5 D) _3 u" y: k5 X
is autonomously generated in this region (reviewed by Ling7 R9 e7 h8 v3 C& N% t
and Dzierzak, 2002). |
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